vyateguwe na berenardino sebahire umushakashatsi.
Ibwirizwa shingiro rya Repuburika iharanira intwaro rusangi ya Kongo ryarahisemwo neza mu gukwiragiza irya nino ubutegetsi kugira bifashe gutunganya amatungo rusangi canke y’abantu. Iryo hitamwo riremerera intara n’imice iyigize kwitunganiriza ibijanye n’iterambere, gufata mu minwe iterambere n’imibano yabahaba.
Mu gihe ivyo bita ama teritwari, ama katiye, gurupema n’ibirwati vyafatwa nk’ibice bitwagwa ubutegetsi butegereye abanyagihugu, ivyo bise intara, ibisagara, ama komine, ama Sheferi n’ama segiteri vyayo bifatwa nk’ibice bitwarwa ubutegetsi bwegereye abanyagihugu. Uko intara n’ibice vyayo bitunganijwe n’ikintu gikomeye cane mu bijanye no kwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu aho abatowe ku rwego rwo hasi bahabwa ububasha bwo kwitunganiriza iterambere ry’aho batwara.
Nubwo biri uko, muri iryo tunganywa ry’ubutegetsi bwegereye abanyagihugu, abantu bose baho hantu bategerezwa gukwirikirana uko amatungo rusangi ariko aratunganywa, ubutegetsi bwegereye umutwarwa ku buryo biheza bigateza n’imbere intwaro rusangi (Demokarasi). Ukungene ishirwa mu ngiro ryo kwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu ririko riragenda muri kongo hisunzwe ibwirizwa shingiro rya Repuburika ya 3, biraha icizere ico gihugu n’intara amahirwe yiterambere ribereye ku munyagihugu muto.
Intara n’ibice vyazo ubutegetsi bwegerejwe abanyagihugu birafise amategeko (tubisanga mu ngingo ya 3 y’ibwirizwa shingiro) abiha ubwigenge mu ntwaro no mu kwibako mu bijanye n’ubutunzi bamwe bose aho baherereye. Izo ntara n’ibice vyazo birashobora, birategerezwa kwitunganya kwitunganya vyisanzuye kugira biteze Imbere abahaba uhereye hasi.
Ivyo bisigura ko umuntu wese afasha mu gutunganya ivyubutunzi, ivy’imibano neza mu gikorwa cumwumwe, canke gikorewe hamwe, agaterera mu kwisununura kwa Bose, mukuriha amakori n’ama tagisi. Ivyo bikagira intumbero nziza muvyimibano, ivyubutunzi hamwe n’ivya politike.
Ukwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu vyarazanye akarusho?
Imyaka irenga 10 iyo politike igiyeho muri Repuburika iharanira intwaro rusangi ya Kongo, umurwi ufata ingingo kuva hagati gushika ku mpera urateye ikibazo. Abatwara twa duce tw’intara bagumye bahatwara nk’ahabo bitumwe n’abatowe n’inzego zo muri utwo duce.Ugushira mu ngiro amategeko ajanye n’ukwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu vyagumye bicumbagira.Abo batware butwo duce tw’intara ntibakwirikiranwa neza . Itunganywa ry’amatora mu bisagara no mu mitumba bitegekwa nibwirizwa shingiro ryo Ku wa 18 ruhuhuma 2006 hamwe n’ama bwirizwa aryunganira ntibirigera biba gushika ubu.
Mu ntara hagati ama tagisi yinjira ni make cane, abanyagihugu akenshi bahamagarigwa gutanga amakori batabona ico akora. Ubumenyi buke bw’abatware bo hasi, cane cane hagati mu gihugu a ho benshi usanga batize, bikabagora gutegura no gushira mu ngiro imigambi y’iterambere. Ibiturire no kunyuruza amatungo rusangi navyo nyene birarwiriye. Mu buke bwayo, amatungo yo hagati mu gihugu yama akwegera abatari bake mu busuma. Imice myinshi yo hagati mu gihugu iracari kure cane mu guteza imbere abahaba hamwe no mukworohereza iterambere rya bose. Amatungo agenewe utwo duce nk’umutahe wo kurangura imigambi yo kwiteza imbere. Ahenshi usanga yakoreshejwe mu bindi ugasanga hama amatati hagati y’abatware bo hejuru hamwe n’abatwara utwo duce ku bijanye n’ukuntu batunganije umutahe bahawe.
Uburyo buhari ubu bw’iterambere ni ntabanduka, bitandukanye nivyo abahinga muvyo kuvuga bise « iterambere ry’akaganuke », ni ukuvuga iterambere bagushizemwo, utarikoreye ngo uruhe, ngo witegurire, ntiriheze ngo rirame kubera uko kuntu iryo terambere rimera nkirizibira inguvu z’imirwi y’abantu mukwiteza Imbere. « Abahinga mukuvuga no mugukora iterambere barashizeho intumbero ko uruhara rwa buri muntu wese mwiterambere, canke mu migambi imuraba niyo nyinshu yo gushika kw’ihangiro » (Yao Assogba, 2008:16). Ni abantu abantu canke abanyagihugu bari hamwe barajwe ishinga n’ukubaho neza kwa bose, babona kumwe, bafisemwo uruhara, bitanze, bafise canke badafise ubufasha bw’inyuma, nibo berekana inzira irashe ibashikana kwiterambere.
Mu mitumba ya Kivu y’ubumanuko n’ahandi hose muri Kongo, uburyo kama bwo gutunganya ibintu ntiburahinduka neza gushika n’ubu. Ukwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu, vyasa nibitazoshoboka, vyaragoye ko abatware babitahura ngo babishire mu ngiro.
N’ubwo biri uko, abaharanira iterambere batari bake baraje gufasha Kongo kugira bakaburire abantu mwiterambere babanje kurwanya igiturire. Pascal Mashimango yegeranya amakori muri Sheferi yitwa kaziba, arasabikaniriza abandi uburambe mu bijanye no gutunganya igice gutwarwa muri ya politike yo kwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu, mu gihe bari kumwe n’abagenziwe mu nama Shure yateguwe na USAID
« Kuva mu gutunganya amatungo y’aho tujejwe twabikora n’iminwe dukoresheje amakaramu, bikadutwara umwanya munini, tukaruha cane mu gutanga ivyegeranyo vya buri kwezi kuko vyaba ari vyinshi kandi bigatangwa mu buryo butandukanye. Ariko ubu dukoresha udukoresho twa none, urakora, ivyo ukoresha ukabishira muri ako gakoresho, haba hasigaye guhitamwo iyo urungika amahera kugira umenye uko angana n’ibindi. Ibindi birikora nka vyose. Mu gutanga icegeranyo c’amafaranga, cabaye ikintu kiza kitworohereza ibikorwa. Ico gikoresho kirerekana neza amahera yinjiye niyo yazananye vyose bigakorerwa ahagaragara kubera umwanya wose uwugutwara agusavye icegeranyo uca ukimuronsa mu mwanya muto. Ubwo buhinga buratuma twunguka n’umwanya. Uwo mwanya tuba twungutse uwo mukozi arashobora guca awukoresha mu gukora ibindi bikorwa vy’aho akorera. Ubwo buhinga kandi bwarafashije kumenya abatangakori, bwarafashije kugwiza umwimbu mu makori ya Sheferi . »
Kugabanya inyuruzwa ry’amafaranga ubwo buhinga bwo gutunganya amatungo n’amahera burafasha mu gukwirikirana uko ikigega cifashe uhereye kuri konte amahera acako arengana.
Ntawokakaza amahera yo muri konte y’ububiko ngo ntibimenyekane kuko ubwo nyene haca haza ubutumwa busamirana bwerekana ko hari igicuga, ibiharuro bidahuye ku yindi konte ifatanye niyo ikuweko amahera.
Kubijanye no gutunganya amatungo y’akarere aka, twogereranya ubwo buhinga bwa none na kirya gicapo kiri mu muduga umushoferi yisunga mu kuwunyonga, kuko ubwo buhinga canke ico gikoresho ca none kirerekana mu muco, mu buryo bwizewe urufatangane rw’amatungo rwerekana urugero rwo gukora imigambi hamwe n’ayandi mahera yasohotse arihwa ivyakoreshejwe muri ako karere, hibonekeje ubudasa murivyo n’ikimenyetso c’uko haba harabaye inyuruzwa ry’amatungo rusangi. Abatware bo hasi barashima ko uburere batwara bushoboye kwegeranya amakori yabwo.
Ku kijanye no kurwanya inyuruzwa ry’amahera, ubwo buhinga buratanga icegeranyo hagati y’iyo amahera yagiye nivyo yakoze ku gisata ku gisata, ivyagaragaye mu kiringo kanaka c’isuzuma ry’amatungo burafasha mu kugabanya itangwa ry’ibitansi vy’ubusuma, ukunyuruza ama tagisi atangwa n’abanyagihugu badahawe icemeza ko bayarishe.
E.N
