Muri ino misi, haribonekeza ibintu bishasha vyubushakashatsi bitumwe n’umuzo w’ubuhinga ngurukana bumenyi. Haba mu mashirahamwe y’ubudandaji canke y’ibindi, ibikorwa birashobora gukorwa ku buhinga ngurukana bumenyi bitumwe n’ubuhinga butari buke be na ma terefone ngendanwa bisigaye ari ibikoresho bikomeye cane mugukora ubuzi butari buke muri Afrika.
Mu gisata cama banki n’ubutunzi, haravurwa kenshi ijambo Fintech bashobora no kwandika Fin Tech bisigura ubuhinga muvy’ubutunzi.
Muri iyi myaka iheze, ubuhinga Fintech bwarateye imbere cane. Amashirahamwe akoresha ubwo buhinga arafise ikibanza no muri Afrika. Ubuhinga bwa Fintech bwavutse kubera iterambere ry’ubuhinga ngurukana bumenyi be nama terefone ngendanwa kandi bubandanya butera imbere.
Haribonekeza integuro zitari nke zagiye zirahindura, ukugene abaguzi bashikira ubutunzi bwabo bakoresheje imashini nyabwonko canke terefone ngendanwa igezweho vyose vyunze ku muhora ngurukana bumenyi. Ariko kubera iryo jambo Fin Tech ritahurwa ugutandukanye haba ukwitiranya ibintu.
None baba bashatse kuvuga iki iyo bavuze Fintech ? Ikora Gute? Twoyikoresha Gute ? Muri iyi nkuru tuzobashikiriza Ico cose umuntu yomenya kuri ubwo buhinga muvy’ubutunzi.
Fin Tech n’iki ?
Ijambo Fintech ni impfunyapfunyo y’amajambo « ubutunzi » be n’ « ubuhinga » ashizwe mu rurimi rw’icongereza. « Fintech » ni ijambo ryerekana ubuhinga bushasha hamwe n’ikoreshwa ryabwo mu gisata c’ubutunzi mu guteza imbere no mu kunyarutsa ibikorwa bijanye n’ubutunzi. Mu yandi majambo, iyo mpfunyapfunyo yerekana igisata c’ibikorwa vy’amahinguriro akoresha ubuhinga bwo gutumatumanako amakuru kugira abakiriya babo boroherwe kandi baronke ubufasha bunyaruka. Nico gituma dutumiriye amashirahamwe nkay’ubutunzi be n’ama banki guteza imbere ubwo buhinga mu ntumbero yo kubukoresha vyinshi ku neza y’abakiriya babo.
FinTech idondora ishirahamwe canke ihinguriro rikoresha umuhora ngurukana bumenyi, ama terefone n’ibindi bikoresho ngendanwa, indinganizo zitandukanye kugira zitange ibikorwa vyiza bijanye n’ubutunzi. Ibikorwa vyinshi bikorwa n’ubuhinga Fintech biriho kugira bihuze ubutunzi bw’umuguzi be n’ubwo buhinga kugira bimworohereze gukora.
Amashirahamwe ya Fintech araba ama banki, amazu y’ubwishingizi canke ibisata vy’ubutunzi. Muri ubwo buhinga haratezwa imbere ivyo kudandaza, kuriha amahera ku murongo ngurukana bumenyi, ingurane, gufata ingingo ufatiye ku makuru, ibikorwa vyo gutanga imitahe bitandukanye, gufasha abakiriya biciye ku mbuga nka chat bot, amashirahamwe yo gutanga ingurane yo gukora imitahe, ibikorwa bitandukanye bifatiye kuri bwa bwenge bw’imashini nyabwonko bikorwa vyisunze ivyo abakiriya bifuza. Kenshi amashirahamwe akoresha Fintech, ibikorwa vyayo bikorerwa ku muhora ngurukana bumenyi, ivyo bigatuma abakiriya baronka ivyo bakeneye muri iryo shirahamwe canke ihinguriro aho bari hose kw’isi.
Intumbero y’ayo mahinguriro ni ugushiraho uburyo bushasha bwo guhanahana ibintu , kugabanya imisi vyotwara be no gukingira ubwo buryo bwo guhanahana ibintu ku muhora ngurukana bumenyi.
Ni gute twotahura Fintech ?
Ubwo buhinga bwa Fintech bukoreshwa canecane mu gufasha amahinguriro n’abakiriya bayo gukora neza buri musi ibikorwa vy’ubutunzi bakoresheje za ndinganizo ziri mu mashini nyabwonko be no mu ma terefone ngendanwa.
Intumbero nyamukuru yo gushiraho ubuhinga bwa none Fintech ni ukworohereza abantu mu bikorwa vy’ubuhinga be n’ubutunzi kugira bishikirwe na bose vyoroshe kandi bizimbutse.
Amashirahamwe ashize ahabona ibikorwa bishasha vy’ubutunzi arabibangutsa akongera akitwararika cane cane imirwi y’abantu basa n’abibagiwe mu kuborohereza mu bikorwa bitari bike mu buryo bunyaruka kandi buzimbutse. Ikindi tutokwirengagiza kandi gikomeye, Fintech irakora ibikorwa vyinshi vy’ubutunzi bitazimvye kandi nkenerwa ku bantu batarashikirwa nama banki.
Ni ibihe bikorwa dukoresha ubuhinga bwa Fintech ?
Ibikorwa vyinshi vyarateye imbere bivanye n’ababikoresha. Turabe impinduka ku bikorwa bitari bike bigize isoko ry’imitahe kubera umuzo w’ubuhinga bwa Fintech.
Kuriha amahera uciye ku muhora ngurukana bumenyi bikorwa n’abadandaza biciye ku ma terefone yabo ngendanwa, ku muhora ngurukana bumenyi canke mu bindi bisata vy’ubudandaji. Iterambere ry’ubwo buhinga hamwe n’ababukoresha barashizeho uburyo bwo kuriha amahera binyaruka kandi bizimbutse. Igisata co kuriha amahera kiroroshe gushira mu banywanyi. Ico gisata kirimwo inyishu zose z’ibikorwa bijanye no kuriha amahera, nko kuyahanahana ku ma terefone, kumenyesha umuntu ayo ariha ukoresheje ubuhinga ngurukana bumenyi, gukoresha ya mahera yo ku buhinga ngurukana bumenyi nka Bitcoin.
Ubwishingizi : abajejwe amazu y’ubwishingizi barakoresha ubwo ubwo buhinga mu gutunganya neza ivyo bategerezwa gukora. Ibisata bishasha mu bwishingizi birashobora gukorera muri ubwo buhinga. Kwegeranya ibitigiri vy’abakora ibijanye n’ubwishingizi ico gikorwa c’ibanze kugira ubwo buhinga buje mu ngiro. Muri ino misi haribonekeza amashirahamwe afatanya ivyubwishingizi n’ubwo buhinga.
Kuriha amahera, gusaba ingurane, i banki ikoresha ubuhinga bwa none: ihindagurika ry’ibintu uko bikorwa ryagiye rirashinga imizi mu bikorwa vyinshi vy’ubutunzi. ama banki niyo arabwa cane niryo hindagurika, dusangayo indinganizo zitari nke zikoresha ubuhinga ngurukana bumenyi be n’ibisata bifasha ama banki gukora ibikorwa.
Gutora amahera: iterambere muvyo gutanga amahera be n’ibisata bikorera ku buhinga ngurukana bumenyi birerekana ayandi masoko yo kuronka amahera akoreshwa nabake kandi yoshobora gutunganiriza abanywanyi batari bake. Aha twovuga nk’ibisata vyo gutanga ingurane twita cloudlending, PME be n’ibisata bitanga ingurane ntonto. Igisata gitanga uburyo cloudfunding ni umurwi w’abantu bashira uburyo hamwe baciye ku muhora ngurukana bumenyi. Ibisata bitanga iyo mitahe bituma abafise imigambi bashigikirwa. Mu kibanza twari kwitura ama banki tumenyereye, turashobora kwitura abanyamitahe bakadutunganiriza.
Mugukwirikirana neza imitahe: ico gisata kiraba ibintu nkenerwa ku ba nyamitahe b’imice yose. Gitunganijwe mu mice ibiri mikuru mikuru: inyishu ifasha gufata ingingo hamwe no gushigikira ibikorwa vyo kwiyungunganya bituma abanyamitahe batandukanye be n’amashirahamwe matomato bashobora kugira imitahe minini minini kandi ibashikana kw’ihangiro ryabo.
FinTech itera yagura amasoko yayo, reka turabira hamwe ubuhinga bushingiye kuri Fintech.
Umurongo ngurukanabumenyi
Ubuhinga twita igicu cloud: kwegeranya no kubika amakuru nkenerwa hakoreshejwe ubuhinga bwabigenewe biratuma aya makuru nkenerwa akingirwa, vyoroha kuyakoresha iyo bikenewe kandi ku buryo buzimbutse.
Terefone ngendanwa zigezweho zirafasha ibijanye no kuriha amahera.
Kumenya ibintu hakoreshejwe i radio isamirana arivyo vyitwa RFID hamwe n’indinganizo y’ubwo buhinga bita NFC burakenewe cane mu kuriha amahera uri kure ukoresheje ikarata ya banki canke ukoresheje amahera ari ku buhinga ngurukana bumenyi ari mu materefone.
Urubuga Blockchain: urwo rubuga ruratorera inyishu ikibazo co kwegeranya amakuru kugira abe amakuru yikwiye. Ubuhinga bwo kwandika mw’ibanga burakoreshwa kugira impome z’amakuru zifatane ku buryo hagiyemwo agakosa na gatoya canke hakagira igihindurwa, ayo mabanga yose canke izo nkuru ziba zibaye impfagusa.
Ubuhinga bwa machine learning: ubwo buhinga ni nkenerwa mu gutorora canke mugusuzuma imigwi minini y’inkuru, ico gisata c’ubushakashatsi gifasha indinganizo yo ku buhinga ngurukana bumenyi ikora ibikorwa bitari bike.
Big data ni ububiko bufatanye nisuzuma ry’umurwi munini w’amakuru nkenerwa atandukanye bituma nk’ama banki canke amazu y’ubwishingizi nk’akarorero aronka ubushobozi bwo kumenya abanywanyi bayo, kubabwira ivyo bakeneye imbere yuko binigaragaza, gusuzuma ama forode canke ubusuma be no ku vyikingira. Mu gukoresha uwo murwi w’ayo makuru bifatiye ku buhinga bwa cloud computing na machine learning twamaze kuvuga.
Mu kurangiza, igisata ca Fintech kiriko kiragura imbibe kandi kizobandanya caguka ku rugero rwuko igisata ca bwa bwenge bw’inyabwonko be n’igisata ca Blockchain biriko biratera imbere.
Vyahinduwe mu kirundi na E.N
