Ethereum’s next big steps already have a name. They are called Cancún and Deneb. These expected new updates come just after a Shanghai update. They must introduce Danksharding, which is a innovation. What does all this mean? Cancun is a Mexican city as you know. And this is the city of America Latin which hosted the third edition of the Devcon (it is a conference that Ethereum organizes for developers, thinkers and even investors in the area). The Deneb is borrowed from the name of the brightest star in the pleiad of the swan that can be easily recognized in summer in the hemisphere north. Cancun is the name given to the software update for the execution layer for the upcoming hard fork. While the Deneb, for its part, carried on the consensus layer. The hard fork is a major protocol upgrade that forces all users to upgrade to new software if they wish to continue using the same software. The consensus layer is the territory on which the node operators who validate transactions. Network nodes must agree on the current state of the system. And this is done through mechanism of consensus. So they become "Dencun" when both updates are grouped under this contraction. And so their specialities are included in a Ethereum evolution project known as Ethereum improvement proposal number 4844 (EIP-4844). The center of this hard fork is the implementation of Dunksharding on Ethereum. There implementation is in the form of proto-Danksharding. Either way is a innovation that will allow a serious reduction in costs on layers 2, which are secondary networks of blockchains capable of supporting more transactions. With danksharding, Etherem shows an ambition to offer this ecosystem a strike force of more than 100,000 transactions per second and at lower cost. And what could this famous proto-danksharding be? Originally it was the scientific work of two computer scientists. And they are called Dankrad Feist and Diederik Loerakker. It is these two researchers who invented proto-darksharding. Proto-danksharding is therefore a technology sharding designed for the EIP-4844. He has not yet finished his climb of so many more than its final version is not yet on the agenda. We still have several years to wait to reach its final version. It still takes time to succeed completely, which means even more performance in terms of transaction. But for now Dencun update will start this new era which is coming. This technology has a purpose. It is to make transactions fluid, by making them even cheaper and faster. This is why everything is played on networks secondaries of blockchains capable of supporting more transactions. And as we have seen, this is called layers 2. This solution is therefore centered on the layers 2 of ethereum or rather in the way in which they manage to out of layer 1. If we consider as an example networks like Arbitrum, Optimism, or ZKSync. All send information to Ethereum at regular interval to maintain their safety. They register and are stored there. But then their smart contracts consume even more resources and worse still they take up space. As this data is permanently stored there, the longer they stay there, the more the spaces are likely to shrink. The solution so proto-Danksharding is clearing spaces on Ethereum. She leaves from observation that it is not necessary to store these different states indefinitely, and that so it only takes 1 to 3 months maximum of history on layer 1 to guarantee that the layers 2 respect the consensus. To achieve this, the improvement project(EIP-4844) introduced the notion of "data blobs", which range from removed regularly to avoid overloading nodes in the long run. Data is automatically deleted from the node every 1-3 months. This are consensual customer attestations that demonstrate that there was enough opportunities for validators to check the data. Data actual data may be stored off-chain by operators, users or others. Many are those who believe that the commissioning of the EIP-4844 can be do this fall. But above all no excitement, we can expect even more a long time.
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